head 1.6; access; symbols; locks rooster:1.6; strict; comment @# @; 1.6 date 96.06.12.21.41.45; author rooster; state Exp; branches; next 1.5; 1.5 date 96.06.07.11.20.25; author rooster; state Exp; branches; next 1.4; 1.4 date 96.06.07.02.47.13; author rooster; state Exp; branches; next 1.3; 1.3 date 96.06.06.06.12.04; author rooster; state Exp; branches; next 1.2; 1.2 date 96.06.06.06.08.07; author rooster; state Exp; branches; next 1.1; 1.1 date 96.06.06.05.12.49; author rooster; state Exp; branches; next ; desc @webedit @ 1.6 log @webedit @ text @SAFETY Because of the physical hazards involved in handling propellants and controlling high pressure combustion proeesses, certain elementary safety precautions must be observed in static testing of rocket engines. During the design, and later, the operation of amateur liquid rocket engines, the following general safety precautions shou1d be observed: 1. The operator should be protected by a suitable barricade located some distance (at least 20 feet) from the test unit. 2. Control of valves during engine ignition and steady-state operation should be by remote means, which for amateur units is best achieved by manual control of needle valves via valve stem extensions. 3. A large chemical fire extinguisher (or, at least, a plentiful supply of water) should always be on hand. 4. The operator shOuld not view the test unit directly, but should use a mirror arrangement (somewhat like a periscope) or use a thick layer of reinforced safety glass attached to the operator's barricade. REMEMBER, the primary danger is from shrapnel in the event of engine explosion. 5. Separating of fuel and oxidizer storage reduces the fire and explosion hazard and limits the amount of propellant stowed in any one area. 6. The test stand unit should be barricaded on several sides to reduce shrapnel effect in event of explosion. 7 Valves, pressure pauges, and other components which directly sense fluid properties should not be located in the operator's station, but should be on the test stand and remotely read. This rule does not apply to electrical instrumentation wherein a transducer is located on the test stand and an electrical readout (such as a meter) is located at the operator's station (this type of instrumentation is very expensive and is beyond the reach of most amateurs). 8. Warning signals should be given prior to tests (or whenever gas cylinder valves are open) to notify personnel that the area is hazardous. A test must NEVER be conducted until the operator has assured himself that all personnel are behind safety barricades or otherwise protected. 9. Personnel should be permitted to work in the test area only if fuel and oxidizer are separated and not pressurized. 10. Personnel handling propellants should wear safety equipment such as gloves, face shields, or rubber aprons. Remember that most fuels are toxic; do not breathe fuel vapors for even a short time. 11. No smoking is ever permitted anywhere near a test area when propellants are alse present, Remember vapors from hydrocarbon fuels (such as gasoline) can travel long distances from the test area and can be ignited at a remote point travelling back to the test stand. 12. A check-off list is helpful when conducting a rocket engine firing and should be made up of both technical events and safety items to be completed prior to the firing. @ 1.5 log @webedit @ text @d6 1 a6 1 the design, and later,the operation of amateur liquid rocket engines, the d12 4 a15 4 2. Control of valves (during engine ignition and steady-state operation should be by remote means which for amateur units is best achieved by manual control of needle valve via valve stem extensions . d21 3 a23 4 a mirror arrangement (somewllat like a periScope) or use a thick layer of reinforced safety glass attac}led to the operator}s barricade4 REMEMBER, the primary danger is from skrapnel in the event of engine explosion . d25 1 a25 1 5. Separating of fuel and oxidizer storage reduces the fire and explo8ion d28 1 a28 1 6. The test stand tlnit should be barricaded on several sides to redtRce d31 6 a36 6 7 Valves, pressure pauges, and other componentS wllich directly sense fluid properties should not be located in the Perator's station, but sllould be on the te.ct stand and remotely read. This rule does not apply to electrical instrumentation wherein a transdtlcer is located on the test stand and an electrical readout(such as a meter) is located at the operator's station (this type of instrtlmentation is very expensive and is beyond the reach d52 3 a54 3 propellants are alse present, Rcmcmher vapors from hydrocarbon flleIs (such as gasol ine) can tl-avel lo!lg distanecs from the test area an(l can be ignited at a remote point travelling back to the test stand. d56 3 a58 3 12. A check-off list is helpful when condhcting a rockct engine firing and sllould bc made up of both technical events anCl safetx itens to be con]pleted prior to tlle firinr. @ 1.4 log @webedit @ text @d52 4 a55 2 11. No smolcing is ever permitted a( z c near a test area wllcn prol)( ll.al]l !; ar( al F0 l)reSellt, Rcmcmher vapors rr3tn b fdloc;lrbt n flleIs (s lcll as gasol ine) can tl-avel l(8!lg (I i ';tanecs from the test area an(l can be ilfnit((l at a rl:nnte point travelling back tn tl,~~W t(8-)t stanf. d57 3 a59 2 12. A cl)eck-off lisl is l]rlPftll wllen condllcting a rockct en) ine firilzg .Xnd sllould bc made u of hotll tecl]nical events anCl safetx itens to be con]pleted prior to tlle firinr. @ 1.3 log @webedit @ text @d20 4 a23 1 4. The operator shOuld not view the test unit directly, but should use a mirror arrangement (somewllat like a periScope) or use a thick layer of reinforced safety glass attac}led to the operator}s barricade4 REMEMBER, the primary danger is from skrapnel in the event of engine d26 2 a27 1 5. Separating of fuel and oxidizer storage reduces the fire and explo8ion hazard and limits the amount of propellant stowed in any one area. d29 2 a30 1 The test stand tlnit should be barricaded on several sides to redtRce shrapnel effect in event of explosion. d32 7 a38 2 7 Valves,pressure pauges, and other componentS wllich directly sense fluid properties should not bc located in the Perator's station, but sllould be on the te.ct stand and remotely read. This rule does not apply to electrical instrumentat ion wherein a transdtlcer is located on the test stand and an electrical readout(such as a meter) is located at the Perator's station (this type of instrtlmentation is very expensive and is beyond the reach of most amateurs). d40 4 a43 2 8. ..|,-ll i t88> ~~w g.n.a w s lllfl 1)( !}('ltli(E{(l t(| v:Ot-k in t!l Lest arca onl)t ir f|z l :nltl . i,; -{ t- ,qt-r> f t P.Plrat (](l ,lll(l n(>t- l)r(b!sFtlr i, ffie| . - 1(). Persol]llel ball(llillWs plljX|ll.nr1 Sll('|lltJ w(:ar SafetY C|qtl;Pm(&nl !;tICII .1!; ss1(l;f, f.nCf :Tlields or ruhler al)rons. R(nf T-l8(bl- tII|It na{)f:l fUfsIS are to: ic; do not l)rs.ntl w rt|f l .a1^ }r: f r {-sen a 11. No smolcing i -: ev( r l)( rri t t f d atlyg:b( z c near a test area wllcn prol)( ll.al]l !; ar( al F0 l)reSellt, Rcmcmher vapors rr3tn b fdloc;lrbt n flleIs (s lcll as gasol ine) can tl-avel l(8!lg (I i ';tanecs from the test area an(l can be ilfnit((l at a rl:nnte point @ 1.2 log @webedit @ text @d3 5 a7 1 Because of the physical hazards inXol e<3 in llandling propellants and eontrollinr higl] pressure eombustion proeesses, eertain clementarX safety precautions must be observed in static testing of rocket engines. During tlle dcsign, and later,tl]e operation Of amateur liquid rocket engines , the following p,encral safety prccautions shou1d be observed: d25 1 a25 1 The test stand tlnit should be barricaded on several sides to redtRce shrapnel effect in event of explosion. d42 1 a42 1 - 1(). Persol]llel ball(llillWs plljX|ll.nr Sll('|lltJ w(:ar SafetY C|qtl;Pm(&nl !;tICII .1!; ss1(l;f, f.nCf :Tlields or ruhler al)rons. R(nf T-l8(bl- tII|It na{)f:l fUfsIS are to: ic; do not l)rs.ntl w rt|f l .a1^ }r: f r {-sen a @ 1.1 log @webedit @ text @d1 44 a44 44 SAFETY lsecatlse of the pllysicnl llazards inXol e<3 in llandling propellants and eontrollinr higl] pressure eombustion proeesses, eertain clementarX safety precautions must be observed in static testing of rocket engines. During tlle dcsign, and later,tl]e operation Of amateur liquid rocket engines , the following p,encral safety prccautions shou1d be observed: 1. The operator should be protected by a suitable barricade located some distance (at least 20 feet) from the test unit. 2. Control of valves (during engine ignition and steady-state operation should be by remote means which for amateur units is best achieved by manual control of needle valve via valve stem extensions . 3. A large chemical fire extinguisher (or, at least, a plentiful supply of water) should always be on hand. 4. The operator shOuld not view the test unit directly, but should use a mirror arrangement (somewllat like a periScope) or use a thick layer of reinforced safety glass attac}led to the operator}s barricade4 REMEMBER, the primary danger is from skrapnel in the event of engine explosion . 5. Separating of fuel and oxidizer storage reduces the fire and explo8ion hazard and limits the amount of propellant stowed in any one area. The test stand tlnit should be barricaded on several sides to redtRce shrapnel effect in event of explosion. 7 Valves,pressure pauges, and other componentS wllich directly sense fluid properties should not bc located in the Perator's station, but sllould be on the te.ct stand and remotely read. This rule does not apply to electrical instrumentat ion wherein a transdtlcer is located on the test stand and an electrical readout(such as a meter) is located at the Perator's station (this type of instrtlmentation is very expensive and is beyond the reach of most amateurs). 8. ..|,-ll i t88> ~~w g.n.a w s lllfl 1)( !}('ltli(E{(l t(| v:Ot-k in t!l Lest arca onl)t ir f|z l :nltl . i,; -{ t- ,qt-r> f t P.Plrat (](l ,lll(l n(>t- l)r(b!sFtlr i, ffie| . - 1(). Persol]llel ball(llillWs plljX|ll.nr Sll('|lltJ w(:ar SafetY C|qtl;Pm(&nl !;tICII .1!; ss1(l;f, f.nCf :Tlields or ruhler al)rons. R(nf T-l8(bl- tII|It na{)f:l fUfsIS are to: ic; do not l)rs.ntl w rt|f l .a1^ }r: f r {-sen a 11. No smolcing i -: ev( r l)( rri t t f d atlyg:b( z c near a test area wllcn prol)( ll.al]l !; ar( al F0 l)reSellt, Rcmcmher vapors rr3tn b fdloc;lrbt n flleIs (s lcll as gasol ine) can tl-avel l(8!lg (I i ';tanecs from the test area an(l can be ilfnit((l at a rl:nnte point travelling back tn tl,~~W t(8-)t stanf. 12. A cl)eck-off lisl is l]rlPftll wllen condllcting a rockct en) ine firilzg .Xnd sllould bc made u of hotll tecl]nical events anCl safetx itens to be con]pleted prior to tlle firinr. @